The continuity of this process builds a chain of submarine volcanoes and rift valleys called a mid ocean ridge or an oceanic spreading ridge.Įxamples of this can be seen where the Eurasian plate and the North American plate are moving away from each other to form the mid Atlantic ridge located in the Atlantic Ocean near Iceland. Contact with seawater cools the gamma, which quickly solidifies, forming new oceanic lithosphere. The space between these diverging plates is filled with molten rocks (magma) from below. The two sides of the now split plate then move away from each other, forming a divergent plate boundary. Tension and high heat flow weakens the floating, solid plate, causing it to break apart (see figure 2). The diverging currents exert a weak tension or pull on the solid plate above it. ![]() This extension is caused by rising convectional currents from the stratosphere, as they rise and approach the surface, convection currents diverge at the base of the lithosphere. The topographic features that develop at this boundary are due to extension of the plate boundaries which causes rifting in continental and oceanic crusts Stealer, 201 1, 419). These topographic elements aren’t the only ones in existence as divergent plate margins also contributes to major topographic relief.ĭivergent plate boundaries are where two plates are moving apart from one another (Ritter, 2012)usually oceanic-oceanic. The pressure here is so great that an enormous piece of Asia is being wedged sideways slipping out of the way like a watermelon seed squeezed between your fingers an excellent example of this is Himalayan Mountain Range in Asia. ![]() Huge slivers of rock, many kilometers wide are thrust on top of one another like a fold, forming a towering mountain range. It is here that the highest mountains in the world grow as at this collision solid rock is crumpled and faulted. The last but not the least is the collision of a continental-continental plates, none of these plates sing as such constant movement causes them to collide or slide over each other in anyway the same land form is formed. Where two of the same plates meet in this case oceanic-oceanic the denser of the two will sink and is stead Of a single volcano form a curved volcano mountain island chained is formed above the sub-ducted plate and example of this can be seen through the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean and Aleutian Peninsula of Alaska these are topographic element that are too created by the concept of plate tectonics. Examples of this are Mount Fuji in Japan and Mount Peel in Martinique. As rocks and magma are being forced up and this forms the mountainous landforms which is a topographic relief. The oceanic plate is denser than the continental plate as such it will sink (see figure 1) in to the stratosphere pressure will rise as well as gases and the mantle will melt it then forces its ay to the surface leaving a permanent mark or formation of a volcano. The concept of plate tectonics is that the divided crust which is called plates move and due to the movement of a continental- oceanic plate subsection zones are created. And yes plate tectonics concept explains this. When a continental and an oceanic plate meet a major topographic feature that will form is a volcano, this is an upward mountain that usually have an opening (vent) through which magma or gas flows. ![]() Convergent plate margin consist or two plates oceanic and continental The topographic elements that are formed here are due to three occurrence, oceanic-oceanic plates colliding, continental oceanic plates and continental-continental plates colliding (Mueller, 2005, 140).
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